Bővebb ismertető
INTRODUCTION. UNCERTAINTY OR INSTABIIim
European history is a record of historical and social turning-points which have determined the continent's identity: in particular the two religious schisms oL the Christianity (one in 1054, the other in 1517), the Glorious Revolution in England (1688-1689) and the French Revolution (1789-1799). A different sort of cleavage can be found in the 20th Century caused by the 1917 Russian Revolution and its international offshoots. But in the present phase of globalization the main questions are relationships between stability and instability, and linkages between the ecological, economic, social, political, cultural, and personal. Stability is no more than a temporary suspension of instability according to Niklas Luhmann. (Luhmann, 2012.) Thus the world was, is, and will always be in a State of continual variability and movement. Nowadays though the process of change has become more rapid, and furthermore is accelerating throughout the world. As Anthony Giddens puts it, we are living in a "runaway world". This means that the crisis-ridden past, and the present's unstable ecological, social, political, economic and moral Situation will be followed by an uncertain and conflicted future bringing instability and causing greater uncertainty. The interaction between uncertainty and instability is perhaps the dominant feature of today's human society.
A crucial turningpoint in the new global world order occurred in 2001 with the destruction of the Twin Towers in New