Cereal Research Communications 1997/2 [antikvár]

Effect of carbohydrate content on the embryoid and plánt production in tríticale anther culture Ildikó Karsai, Zoltán Bedő Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungárián Academy of Sciences H-2462 Martonvásár, Hungary Summa rv Anther culture efficiency is low in triticale compared to wheat, due to low levels of green plánt regeneration. The aim of these experiments was to study how the plánt regeneration of five hexaploid triticale varieties is influenced by different maltose concentrations in the induction médium and by the type of carbohydrate in the regeneration médium. The maltose concentration in the induction médium significantly influenced the anther culture efficiency, bút the genotype and the genotype x maltose interactions were alsó highly significant factors. In most cases the application of 0.21 M or 0.26 M maltose resulted in higher embryo induction, while a further increase in the maltose concentration to 0.31 M had no further enhancing effect or was detrimental, with the exception of one variety, TF12. The strong genotypic effect was alsó pronounced in the totál and green plánt regeneration ffequencies. The best carbohydrate source in the regeneration médium (sucrose vs. maltose) was alsó genotype dependent. Of the three basal regeneration média those based on 190-2 and MN6 proved to be more efficient with a strong genotype dependece, while all the triticale varieties gave the poorest results on MS-based regeneration médium. Among the triticale varieties, Moniko and TF12 possessed the highest green plánt induction and showed the largest changes in this ffequency as the result of different treatments, while the reactions of the other varieties, with extremely poor green plánt regeneration (less than 5 green plants/100 anthers cultured), was nőt altered significantly. Key words: triticale, anther culture, plánt regeneration, carbohydrate