Fossils [antikvár]

Introduction Geology is a science of many parts, and most geologists are specialists who tend to restrict their research interests. Those who study the nature and composition of rocks are called petrologists, while others who observe, measure and record folds and associated features are known as structural geologists. Stratigraphers unravel the history and relationships of rocks deposited throughout the course of time, whereas palaeontologists identify and describe the remains of animals and plants that lived thousands, millions or even billions of years ago. Such remains are termed fossils, and they are the subject of this book. This book will help you collect and identify your own fossils. It will also help you understand and interpret their life styles and encourage personal comments on the relationships between the fossils and the sediments in which they were buried. For the geologist, the term field refers to any area in which rocks (and their associated fossils) may be studied in situ. How to use this book The introductory chapters provide you with an understanding of how fossils are formed and of the variations that exist in terms of their preservation. You will also learn how best to find and collect your own material and relate both fossils and the enclosing sedimentary rock to an appropriate environment of deposition. The first of a series of keys (see page 38) will then help you decide on the group to which your fossil belongs, whilst the other keys which follow will help with a more precise identification. By using the keys you will also be able to turn to the correct colour plates and descriptions and confirm your identification. The illustrated glossary will help define some of the words which crop up regularly in the text. Conservation and a code of conduct Geologists and landowners are aware of the need to protect important localities. We must prevent vandalism and over-collection. The Geologists Association of Great Britain has drawn up a detailed code of conduct and this has been published in several countries. The main points to observe are: 1 Always obtain permission from the landowner before venturing on to private land; 2 Do not hammer at outcrops aimlessly, and never leave loose rock fragments scattered over fields and roads; 3 Close all gates; 4 Follow any local bylaws; 5 Remember that whilst your own safety is your responsibility, irresponsible behaviour may put others at risk. Field equipment You should always wear suitable warm and waterproof clothing and