Development Planning [antikvár]

Pre/. acc This is a comparative study of development planning. It attempts to identify when, how and why planning has been successful or unsuccessful, and to draw relevant lessons of experience therefrom. Over a period of seven years, a group in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development systematically collected a wide variety of materials on the experience of countries which plan their development. The basic raw material was obtained from a core group of some 55 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and the Americas, including countries with advanced and less advanced, as well as socialized and mixed, economies. The collected data were analyzed and arranged nationally and topically according to a classification system devised for the purpose. In addition to the core group of countries, for which efforts were made to get complete coverage, partial information was obtained for all other countries which have attempted to plan their development. The study therefore draws, as much as was possible, on the experience of well over a hundred countries. Besides the introductory section, the study comprises 16 Chapters divided into two parts. Part One includes a description and analysis of the planning process as revealed in the experience of the countries under review. Considerable attention is given to problems of plan formulation, although not to details of planning technique. Because problems of implementation have been found to be the most intractable ones in the planning experience of most countries, the greatest emphasis is given to them. Part One lays the substantive foundation for Part Two, which contains an extensive discussion of the experience of countries in setting up organizations and administrative procedures for preparing and implementing development projects, sectoral programs, and regional and national development plans. A list of some 370 references cited in the text constitutes an extensive bibliography on development planning. The organization of the book was arranged to facilitate its use as a reference work or textbook on development planning. For example, at xt