Doppler Echocardiography in Heart Disease [antikvár]

Introduction Cardiac diagnosis and responses to therapeutic intervention have traditionally been established by assessment of cardiac structure and function. While a variety of different methodologies, including cardiac catheterization and radioisotopic imaging have been major sources of important information to the cardiologist, these modalities have not been readily applicable in the conventional office setting. Hence, the practicing cardiologist has welcomed the introduction of ultrasound examination of the heart over the past two decades. From simple M-mode echocardiography, commonly available a decade ago, emerged two-dimensional sector representation of the heart in motion. In the past half-decade, the addition of Doppler instrumentation has expanded the scope of ultrasonic examination of the cardiovascular structures significantly. Perhaps even more importantly, comprehensive ultrasound examinations can now be carried out at the bedside or in an office setting by the experienced cardiologist employing techniques in which he is uniquely quaUfied and competent. One of the primary objectives of this series, "Basic and Clinical Cardiology," is to present and summarize information on a specific topic in a comprehensive and timely manner. Doppler echocardiography provides the potential to add a new dimension to the ultrasound examination. The addition of qualitative and quantitative flow and velocity information interpreted and integrated with valve and wall motion imaging in real time provides the cardiologist with a diagnostic tool of extraordinary power and importance. The current monograph outlines the physical principles underlying a Doppler examination in a conceptual manner. The reader will be referred to appropriate sources concerned with the physics and mathematics of the quantitative process. iii