Bővebb ismertető
PREFACE This work is a completely revised edition of Harrap's Shorter French and English Dictionary, reprinted in 1972 with numerous corrections to help American readers. It incorporates words and phrases that have become established in the French or English language in recent years. Obsolete terms, particularly dated colloquialisms, have been deleted. Numerous French-Canadianisms and specifically American idioms have been added. It is about one quarter longer than the originál work. British spellings of English words are used throughout. Common alternative spellings are given in the English-French part, though it should be noted that for words with the alternative suflíxes -ise or -ize and -isation or -ization, -ize and -ization have been adopted throughout. American users will notice the following spelling differences: (a)the English use of -our in words that in American usage are spelled with -or (e.g. Eng: colour, U.S: color). (b)the use of the íinal -re in words where American usage favors -er (e.g. Eng: theatre, U.S: theater). (c)the doubling of the I before an ending beginning with a vowel, irrespective of accentuation (e.g. Eng: woollen, U.S: woolen; Eng: travelling, U.S.: traveling). (d)the single 1 before a íinal syllable beginning with a consonant, where the American usage is 11 (e.g. Eng: skilful, U.S: skillfu!; Eng: enrolment, U.S: enrollment). (e)the use of a c in certain words where American usage favors an s (e.g. Eng: defence, U.S: defense). (/) the use of ae in certain words where American usage favors e (e.g. Eng: aesthete, U.S: esthete). The pronunciation of both French and English words is indicated with the symbols of the International Phonetic Association. To keep the work within a manageable number of pages, several space-saving devices are used. When the headword itself is repeated within the entry in exactly the same form it is represented by the initial letter, though plural nouns or verb conjugations in which the form differs from the infinitive are written in full. e.g. gentleman, s. . . . Young g., jeune homme . . . Centiemen's hairdresser, coiffeur pour hommes. gain, v. tr.. . . To g. strength, (re)prendre des forces . . . You will g. nothing by it, vous n'y gagnerez rien . . . He is gaining in weight, il prend du poids. Similarly, compound words appearing in examples are represented by the two initial letters: e.g. gate-legged, a. G.-L table, table á abattants. This method of abbreviation alsó applies to the English compound verbs when the two eomponent parts are not separated; when they are separated, however, it has generally been considered clearer to write them in full. e.g. get through, v. . . . To g.t. an examination, étre re?u á un examen . . . To get sth. through the customs, (fairé) passer qch. á la douane.