Journal of the Chemical Society 1916/I. [antikvár]

JOURNALofTHE CHEMICAL SOCIETY.ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS PUBLISHED IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN JOURNALS.PART I.Organic Chemistry.Thermal Reactions of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Vapour Phase. Walter F. Rittman (J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 1915, 7, 945953. Compare A., 1914, i, 645, 793).The study of the cracking of petroleum hydrocarbons of various types by heating in the vapour phase under varying conditions of temperature and pressure has been continued with the primary object of investigating the yields and the nature of the liquid products of the reaction. The cracking was conducted in an electrically heated furnace similar to that already described, and the pressures were self-generated by the cracked oil and regulated ßy a pressure release valve. The results of a large number of experiments are reproduced in tabular form, and comprise investigations of a Pennsylvania kerosene of which 90% boiled below 250°, an Oklahoma "fuel oil" of which only 22% distilled below 300°, a Californian asphaltic oil containing 17% boiling below 300°, and a Mexican oil of which 37% boiled below 300°. The products from these widely differing oils showed under similar conditions a remarkable similarity, the only noteworthy differences being in the amount of carbon deposit, whilst by suitable adjustment of conditions the type of the liquid product from any of the oils could be controlled. Gasolene production was favoured by temperatures of about 500° and pressures higher than 6 atm., and yields of 1618% were observed. Low boiling aromatic hydrocarbons were produced in greatest amount at temperatures between 600° and 700° and pressures above 4 atm. The best yields lay VOL. ex. i.h