Oxford Progressive English for Adult Learners III. [antikvár]

SOUNDS AND SPELLINGSNOTES ON THE PHONETIC SYMBOLSValues of the phonetic symbols are illustrated on pages viii and ix.The mark : indicates length, and may also indicate a difference in quality. The vowel in sit is short and the vowel in seat is long. There is a difference in quality between the vowels in sit and seat. The two words are transcribed sit and si:t. The mark : does not indicate the relative length of vowels. Seat si:t and seed si :d are both transcribed with the symbol i:, but the vowel in seed is normally longer than the vowel in seat. In the noun record 'rekoid the vowel sound o: is shorter than the vowel sound o: in the verb record ri'koid. The length of a vowel often depends upon the following consonant (s) and the stress.Students who use the English Pronouncing Dictionary of Dr Daniel Jones will find some small differences in the symbols used for vowel sounds. They are:(In this book)(In D. Jones, Dictionary)a(as in cat)aea:(as in father)a:0(as in hot)o o:(as in bought)o:01(as in boy)Di ea(as in chair)eaThe mark ' indicates a stressed syllable. It is placed in front of the stressed syllable: many 'meni, above a'bAV.The mark ( indicates a secondary stress: examination ig.zami'neijn. This word has a secondary stress on the second syllable and a primary stress on the fourth syllable.The asterisk (as in wea*) indicates the possibility of r-linking. Compare:Where was it?we a 'woz it ?Where is it?wear 'iz it?vii