Process, Flow, Method/Interpretation of Apparent Conductivities and Diffusities of Two-Phase Systems, with the Aid of Geometrical Models with Cubic Cells/Mechanics of fluidized systems [antikvár]

Hungarian scientists have been working on the developmert of technical chemistry in a direction that reaches beyond the main trend in international re -search work and even opposite to it. At the very beginning of the century, mainly to meet the demands of the petroleum industry of the United States of America, in full upswing at the time, a new idea, process engineering in the chemical industry was bom. Essentially it was a medium-level study, of synthetizing character, inasmuch that it examined each typical chemical industrial process as a whole. If I may have recourse to a comparison from biology and consider the chemical plant as an organism, I might say that process engineering investigated into the physiology of the organs of the plant: the work of devices and machines. With the development of physical chemistry, and lately, under the revolutionary effect of mathematics research work in technical chemistry was more and more directed towards some so called "fundamental c. iences", towards the physicochemical and mathematical examination of the processes, that is to say, it took up an analyzing quality. This trend is represented, for instance, by the book of Chalmers E. Kirkbridge (1) - "Chemical Engineering Fundamentals" - published on the eve of World War II. The table of contents of this book is characteristic in itself. In another paper (2) I had the occasion to point out the deceptive quality of the term "fundamental science". As shown in this work, Professor Bemal (3), on an elaborate, higji-style historical base proved that sciences do not form a system of a number of storeys built one upon another, but they make part of a network of a single level, each in interaction with all the others, and that none of them may be rightly called a "foundation" for any other. In my gnosiological opinion the sciences that treat the simpler ones from among the relationships of reality, are by no means "foundations", but only sisters, having their allocated places on the more abstract side of the complexity spectrum of sciences. The view, called in som publications (4) the principle of spectrum of spekt-nim of sciences (5) should be remembered here. I am of the opinion that the direct examination, in its andirecty, of such a science as for exemple, physiology, x Prof. Dr. Dr. Techn. Sc. F.H.A.S., Director of the Research Institute for Technical Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest.