Radio Frequency Radiation Dosimetry [antikvár]

PREFACE The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has sponsored research supporting development of personnel safety standards for exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation (RFR) for over a quarter cenUiry. NATO previously recognized that one of the most important tools used in the RFR effects research laboratory is accurate dosimetry when it supported a NATO Advanced Studies Institute (ASI) on Advances in Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Low Energy Electromagnetic Fields held in 1981, in Erice, Sicily. That meeting resulted in a NATO ASI publication; Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Non-ionizing Radiation: Radio frequency and Microwave Energies^ The most recent NATO sponsored program on RFR was an Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on "Developing a New Standardization Agreement (STANAG) for Radio frequency Radiation" held May 1993, at the Pratica di Mare Italian Air Force Base, Pomezia (Rome) Italy. That ARW produced an ASI proceedings, published in 1995: Radio frequency Radiation Standards, Biological Effects, Dosimetry, Epidemiology, and Public Health Policy^. The Rome ARW and the Proceedings served as a springboard to the much needed revision of the NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2345 MED "Evaluation and Control of Personnel Exposure to Radio Frequency Fields - 3 kHz to 300 GHz"^, which was subsequently promulgated in October 1998. One of the published recommendations developed by the Rome ARW was to hold this second ARW focusing on dosimetry and measurements. The NATO Research and Technology Organization (R&T O) Human Factors and Medicine Panel-026, Task Group 002 "Health Effects of Non-ionizing Radiation in the Military Setting" in 1998 identified Dosimetry and Measurements as a high priority topic needing review and update. Additionally, the two NATO Military Agency for Standardization (MAS) Working Groups dealing with RFR personnel safety (General Medical WG and Radio and Radar Radiation Hazards WG) both endorsed the need for further review of RFR Dosimetry. The most cited reference on dosimetry is the Radio Frequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook^'^. The impetus for the Handbook was to bring together dosimetric data to guide researchers in dealing with the complex processes of absorption of RFR in biological tissue. The dosimetric data in the first Handbook'^, published in 1976, was limited to the frequency range 10 kHz to 1.5 GHz. The only data provided was for homogeneous spheroidal and ellipsoidal models. Subsequent editions expanded the frequency range and added data on absorption in models irradiated by plane-waves in free space and on or near ground planes. Empirical relations for calculating the rate of energy absorption, some rules of thumb, and data from the literature summarizing metabolic rates, dielectric constants, and conductivities were also included. The 3rd Edition® contained a section on dosimetric techniques, including qualitative near-field dosimetry. The 4th Edition' was published in October 1986 and updated much of these data to provide convenient access to the information contained in the previous editions. These Handbooks have been among the most cited references in scientific reports