The Lengyel, Polgár and Related Cultures in the Middle/Late Neolithic in Central Europe [antikvár]

The Lengyel, Polgár and related cultures in the Middle/Late Neolithic in Central EuropeINTRODUCTIONThis volume contains papers and posters presented at the symposium devoted to the major cultural complexes of the Middle and Late Neolithic/Early Aeneolithic i.e. the Lengyel and Polgár Cultures, as well as their relations with other, contemporaneous culture units in East-Central Europe. The symposium took place at the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Krakow, between March V"" and 12", 2006.This symposium was a sequel to a number of conferences, held previously, on the lato sensu Lengyel/ Polgár complex:-in 1967 at Nitra and Maié Vozokany in Slovakia (published in the volume: Symposium über die Lengyel-Komplex und die benachbarten Kulturen in Studijné Zvesti, vol. 17, Nitra 1969),-in 1974 at Tésetice-Kyjovice (published in the volume: Symposium Tésetice-Kyjovice in Sbornik Praci Filo-zofické Fakulty Brnénské Univerzity, vol. 24-25, Brno 1976),-in 1983 at Poysdorf Laa/Thaya in Austria (published in the volume: Symposium - Mittelneolithische Grabenanlagen (Kult-/Befestigungsanlagen) in Zentraleuropa in Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft fürUr-und Frühgeschichte, vol. XXXIII-XXXIV. Wien 1983-84),-in 1984 at Nové Vozokany in Slovakia (published in the volume: Internationales Symposium über die Lengyel-Kultur ed. B. Chropovsky and H. Friesinger, Nitra-Wien 1986),-in 1985 at Szekszárd in Hungary (published in the volume: International Prehistoric Conference in Béri Balogh Ádám Múzeum Évkönyve, vol. XIII, Szekszárd 1986),-in 1988 (the hundredth anniversary of the first excavations into eponymic site of Lengyel) at Znojmo, Kravsko and Tésetice in Moravia (published in the volume: Internationales Symposium über die Lengyel-Kultur 1888-1988. Lodz 1994),-in 1999 at Veszprém in Hungary (published in the volume: Sites and Stones: Lengyel Culture in Western Hungary and beyond-a review of current research. Veszprém 2001).The symposium published in this volume is, thus, the eighth meeting held seven years after the last symposium at Veszprém. These last seven years have brought a number of discoveries of Lengyel and Polgár sites, first of all from rescue excavations preceding the construction of new motorways in Hungary and in Poland. As a resuh the archaeological source base expanded and the possibilities of interregional studies have increased. At the same time, essential progress was made in geochronometry: the number of absolute dates increased, the dating methods have been perfected, and - above all - the AMS method has become commonly introduced. The third sphere where considerable advance has been made was the study of lithic industries. This resulted in much more precise identifications of the origins of raw materials, a dynamic approach to the technology of stone processing, and use-wear studies applied to the functional identification of lithic artefacts. Our objective was to present all these subjects at the Krakow symposium. Consequently, the conference program was made up of three groups of topics: