The New Encyclopaedia Britannica - The Index I-II. [antikvár]

The index to volumes 1 to 29 begins on page 1 of this volume. The index is the result of an accumulation of hundreds of thousands of references locating precisely the section of a page in which a person, place, thing, or idea is mentioned in any of the thousands of Encyclopcedia Britannica articles. These references have been assembled, combined, edited, and alphabetized to make an index of more than 400,000 references. This index gathers together all the topics covered by the more than 40,000,000 words in the text, sorts them out, and tabulates them for much the same reason that roads and signposts are planned and built in an unfamiliar country. Encyclopcedia Britannica is so vast a work that it cannot be used to greatest advantage without first consulting the index. For example, if readers turn to "United Kingdom" in Volume 17, they will find a long article, but this by no means represents all the information in Britannica about the United Kingdom. To find all of this material, readers must go to the index, where. under the entry heading "United Kingdom," they will find not only the reference to the main article but alsó about 1,000 references to many related articles throughout the 29 text volumes of Britannica. Or readers may wish to learn something about, say, joint disease. If they look in micropaedia Volume 6 at the appropriate alphabetical position, they will not find an article on joint disease. The index, however, lists references to three other articles in Encyclopedia Britannica in which information on joint disease may be found. Readers who turn to the index first will use Britannica most intelligently and profitably. Because the purpose of the many thousands of index entries is to classify, clarify, and search out specific information, much attention has been given to their simplification. All entry headings. regardless of the number of words they contain, are considered single headings and are alphabetized word by word according to the index alphabetization rules explained at the end of this Introduction. Entry headings for towns are followed by abbreviations giving the country, state, or other political subdivision in which the towns are situated. Names of lakes, rivers, and mountains are identified as physical features. Persons are often identified in parentheses by nationality or profession or both. Entry headings having identical spellings are usually followed by a parenthetical descriptive word or abbreviation. In the case of entry headings under which scores of references appear, the references are grouped under subheadings. For example, country articles usually have such subheadings as agriculture, forestry, and fishing; commerce and industry: education; history; etc. These subheadings are alsó arranged alphabetically. In addition to containing entry headings that have volume and page references, the index has thousands of crossreferences. Cross-reference entries for alternative spellings and titles send readers to the main spelling or title. For example, the cross-reference "Constantinople: see Istanbul" means that all references with information about Constantinople will be listed under Istanbul. It is important to remember that crossreferences in the index refer only to other index entnes. At the top of the outside column of each page of the index is a key word or heading that identifies, on the left-hand page, the first entry or, on the right-hand page, the last entry. These enable readers to find more readily the subjects included on the two pages. Readers are alsó urged to study the Index Rules, which immediately follow this Introduction. There they will find detailed discussions and examples of the rules concerning geographical entries, references to illustrations, and so on. A List of Abbreviations used in the index follows the Rules. Index Rules. In the following index, entry headings are set in boldface type, flush with the left-hand margin in a column; they are followed by an identifying phrase or word in parentheses. If the index entry has a corresponding article in the text, the volume and page number of that article immediately follow the entry heading and identifier, on the same line if space permits. Subordinate to the entry heading are the subheadings referring readers to other articles containing information on the subject. These subheadings have a short phrase indicating the context in which the information will be found and are indented to indicate different levels of subordination. Flaubert, Gustave (Fr. au.) 4:821:3a major ref. in French Literature 19:580:2b association with Colét 3:449:2a Du Camp 4:242:2b James 6:486:1a Maupassant 7:952:1a biography by Sartre 10:460:3b 25:638:1b development of Realism 9:973:3a, 18:792:2b, 794:1b literary style 23:89:1b "Madame Bovary" 7:402:2b; 23:127:1b Entries in quotation marks denote titles of written material and works of art, such as books. paintings, newspapers, symphonies, etc. All references to text articles in the macropaedia and micropaedia show the volume, page number, column of the page, and a letter "a" or "b" indicating the upper or lower half of the column. For example, 1:485:3b points to the micropaedia Volume 1, page 485, the third column of the page, and the lower half of that column. 12 12 3 a a a a a b b b b b macropaedia micropaedia