Turkey's Intangible Cultural Heritage [antikvár]

IntroductionThe term "intangible cultural heritage" was created during the programs for "safeguarding the cultural assets" carried out by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as a natural result of the "tangible cultural heritage" activities. Even if the emergence of this term is not as old as the over 60-year history of the UNESCO, which was established in 1946 by 20 countries including Turkey, there is a long "period of searching" and a story. One of the most important paragraph headings of this long story is composed of the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, which was accepted on 16 November 1972 in the UNESCO General Assembly. The aims and principles of this convention, to which Turkey became a party in 1983, were defined as studies carried out aimed at safeguarding the historical structures, archaeological sites and the natural-cultural environment and as cultural heritage that should safeguard the cultural tangible structures that were created by humanity over thousands of years and the natural environment in which these structures are located. The "World Cultural Heritage List", which was formed based on this convention, included 9 historical and natural-cultural heritage sites from Turkey, among which are the Great Mosque and Hospital of Divrigi, Goreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, Historical Areas of istanbul, Hattusa: the Hittite Capital, Nemrut Dag, Hierapolis-Pamukkale, Xanthos-Letoon, City of Safranbolu and Archaeological Site of Troy. As it can easily be seen when the 851 examples of cultural heritage are examined, both from Turkey and from the world, which have been included on this list up until the present-day, all of the cultural heritages on the list appear to be "historical structures", "archaeological sites belonging to former civilizations" and "natural places with some beautiful and cultural features".The greatest deficiency expressed by the circles, which made the visual and oral cultural studies over time and during the implementation of this convention, was the fact that there was not an approach aimed at the cultural heritage, which could not be safeguarded due to various factors that are the cause of cultural changes or transferred as a heritage from ancestors and kept alive by the living culture, persons and the persons of the present-day.The 1972 Convention started to be criticized by various cultural circles, even from the date it was accepted, due to the reasons I enumerated above. The UNESCO paid attention to these criticisms in a short period