The value in organization [antikvár]

The value ín organízation Strategy is about deciding what to do, execution about getting it done. Both are essential skills for a modern leader. Yet another and perhaps more important skill lies between the two, in the realm of organization: the design of structures, systems, and mechanisms to guide and motivate the actions of employees and the critical task of implementing new organizational systems. It is size, global spread, and complexity that have made organization so important. The chief executive of even a midsize company can't oversee every employee or assume that orders from the center will be faithfully executed. Authority and accountability must be distributed, systems of control and inspection implemented, incentives to encourage desired behavior constructed. Most of all, a CEO must infuse the corporation's work with meaning not just for those in the boardroom but alsó for thousands of employees. These days, a CEO has to be more architect than generál: the job is to design working environments where thousands of people can figure out what they must do, cooperate to get it done, and experience it as personally fulfilling. The task of organization is particularly challenging because most large companies are active not in one line of business but in several, and even a company that makes a single product will probably wish to excel in a number of dimensions. A manufacturer, for example, might want to develop deep relationships with customers and to produce at low cost. If so, should it organize along customer or product lines or divide accountability by function-R&D, manufacturing, marketing, sales, fináncé? Or perhaps a geographic organization would be more appropriate. Today's answer might not lie in any of these traditional models but rather in növel hybrid designs now being pioneered in a rangé of sectors. An industrial company might, for example, have manufacturing units that are organized geographically by product, as well as customer-oriented business units dealing with sales and services that are organized by the industries they serve.